Xsergius b bessonoff



S. BESSONOPF. WATER'LBVEL REGULATOR.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

Patented Nov. 11, 1890.

2 Sheets-Sh eet 2.

(No Model.)

SBESSONOFF. WATER LEVEL REGULATOR.

No. 440,218. PatentedNov. 11, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

SERGIUS BESSONOFF, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

WATER-LEVEL REGULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,218, dated November11, 1890.

Application filed June 4, 1890. $erial No. 354,291. (No model.) Patentedin Belgium April 12, 1890, No. 90,174; inI'ranee April 12, 1890, No.204,968, and in Germany April15, 1890, No. 53,684.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Snnerus BESSONOFF, a subject of the Emperor ofRussia, residing in St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in \Vater-Level Regulators, (for which I haveobtained Let- .ters Patent in the following countries: in Belgium April12, 1890, No. 90,174; in GermanyApril15, 1890, No. 53,684, and in FranceApril 12, 1890, No. 204,968,) and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the. accompanying drawings, and toletters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved feed-Water regulator forsteam-boilers, showing the boiler in vertical transverse section and theregulatirig-cylinder in vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 3 an end elevation, of theregulating-cylinder. Figs. 4c, 5, and 6 are vertical longitudinalsections of the regulating-cylinder, illustrating various modificationsin the means for regulating the pressures on opposite sides of thepiston; and Fig. 7 is a detail view.

My invention has for its object to provide means for automaticallycontrolling the sup ply of water fed to the boiler, and for automatically maintaining the supply of water Within the boiler at a normalor approximately normal level to avoid the danger of explosion due tolow water in the boilerthat is to say, to an insufiiciency of Water inthe boiler and to the sudden development of steam by the contact of avolume of water with an abnormally large area of the heatedboiler-shell.

To these ends my invention consists in the improvement of and means forautomatically controlling the volume of a fluid supplied to a receiverbya pump through the medium of the fluid in said receiver being made toantagonize the movements of the pump-piston and by varying theantagonizing force exerted by the fluid upon the pump-piston, accordingto the variations in the pressure or level of said fluid within itsreceiver, aswill now be more fully described, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which like letters indicate like parts, andmore particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 thereof.

B indicates a steam-boiler; P, a pump, and E the engine-cylinder thatoperates the pump, all of which may be of well-known and usualconstruction. The regulator consists, essentially, of an auxiliary pumpadapted to operate with the boiler, water or steam, or both,antagonistically to the pumping-engine.

0 indicates the piston-cylinder of the auxiliary pump, and hereinaftercalled the regulator-cylinder, whose piston-rod R is rigidly connectedwith the piston-rod of the pump in any desired manneras, for instance,by the yoke Y, Fig. 1.

In the head H of the regulator O is formed a passage 71, in whichis'seated a gravity-valve V,

that opens inwardly, and to the said passage h is connected a pipe 19,that extends into the boiler to a point but slightly above the normalWater-line. In the same head H of the regulator is formed a secondpassage h, provided with a seat for a ball-valve V,- that opensoutwardly, the throw of which valve is adjustable by means of theabutment a at the end of the screw-rod 0, that works in a suitableinteriorly-threaded bearing 0, passes through a suitable stuffing-boxand gland, and carries at its outer end a hand-Wheel WV. In the head llof the regulator O are likewise formcd two passages 71 its, the latterpassage 7L3 being connected by pipe p with the passage 72. above theball-valve V, and

to the passage 77, is connected a pipe 19 that extends into thesteam-space of the boiler 13.

It will readily be seen that so long as the water in the boiler is at anormal level steam alone will be drawn into theregulator-cylinder-whatever the direction of motion of its piston P.During the suction-stroke of the piston, steam will be drawn in throughpipe 19, valve V moving off its seat, while during,

the forcing-stroke of said piston, steam will be drawn in through pipepithesteam on the opposite side of the piston being forced through.passage h, the valve V moving off its seat through pipe 19 and passage hto the right of the piston P, and thence back to the boiler against thesteam-pressure therein.

So long as the steam alone enters the regulator-cylinder there iscomparatively little resistance to the movements of the piston P,

and consequently to the movements of the pump-piston. When, however, thelevel of the water rises to such a height that Water is drawn in throughpipe 19, the resistance to the movements of the regulator-piston P isincreased, thereby retarding or checking the movements of thepump-piston and reducing the supply of water to the boiler, according tothe resistance opposed to the movements of the regulator-piston P. Theresistance .to the movements of the last-named piston and the equalizingof such resistance to the said movements in either direction maybeelfected in various ways-as, for instance, by adj usting the throw ofthe ball-valve V, Figs. 1 and 2.

According to the level of the water in the boiler, steam or water, orboth, will be drawn into the regulating-cylinder C. On the return orforcing stroke of the piston steam will be drawn into the cylinderthrough pipe 19 on the right side of the piston, the fluid on the leftside being forced over. Now if the valve V is properly adjusted thecombined fluids on the right of the piston will offer the sameresistance to the movements of the piston on its next suction-stroke asdid the fluid previously drawn in, as will be readily understood. Thesame results may be attained and the valves V and V dispensed with byreducing the cross-sectional area of the connecting-pipe p and passage hrelatively to the admission-pipe p, as shown in Fig. 4, where theconnecting-pipe p is shown as connected directly with theinlet-pipep,the crossse'cti'onal 'area of said pipe 19 relatively tosaid pipe 9) being such as to convey a volume of fluid that whencombined with steam drawn in through pipe 19 will otter the sameresistance to the movement of the piston as the fluid drawn in throughpipe p, a portion of which fluid willbe forced back into the boilerduring the forcing-stroke of the piston P through the passage h pipe 12and suction-pipe p.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 5 varies from those shown in Figs. 1, 2,and 4, in that a portion of the fluid is also forced back to the boiler,as in the construction shown in Fig. 4, through the admission or suctionpipe 19, a passage k being here form ed around the seat S oftheball-valve V, "and said valve is made sufficiently heavy, so that itwill not be moved off its seat so long as steam only or but a smallvolume of water combined with steam is drawn into the regulator-cylinder0. At each forcing-stroke of the piston P the resistance to its movementis controlled by the pressure in the boiler and the cross-sectionalameaof the passages h h and connecting-pipe pea portion of the fluid inthe regulatorfcylinder being forced back into the boiler-and theremainder into the opposite end of the cylinder through passages 71. hand pipe 10 steam being simultaneously drawn into the same end of thecylinder through pipe 12 the resistance of which fluids to the return orsuction stroke of the piston P being equal to that of the fluidcontained in the cylinder during the forcing-stroke. Alike result may beobtained by connecting the exhaust-pipe p with the feed-water pipe andinterposinga check-valve V in said connection in conjunction with thevalves V V, said check-valve interrupting the inflow of feed-water intothe regulator-cylinder O, as shown in Fig. 6, and in this case thecross-sectional areav of the passage 71 and exhaust-pipe p relatively tothe cross-sectional area of the inlet-pipe p, passages h h andconnecting-pipe p serve to equalize the resistance to the movements ofthe piston.

To avoid the choking or obstructing of the connections between theregulator and boiler from solid matter'fioating upon the water in theboiler, I prefer to provide the pipe p with a strainer of any desiredform-such, for instance, asa rose-head D, Fig. 1.

In the drawings I have shown the pipes 19 and p entering the boiler frombelow; but it will be understood that this is not absolutely necessary,as either or both pipes may project into the boiler from above; nor isit inaterial at what particular point of the boiler the said pipes arelocated. In marine boilers it will, however, be found necessary tointroduce the pipes from above and at a point about midway of theboiler, in order to avoid the level variations due to the rolling andpitching of a vessel. In this case I provide the suction-pipep with aninverted-bell-shaped guard G, Fig. 7, to prevent solid matter floatingon theboiler-water from entering said pipe. The guard G is so arrangedon the pipe as to pro ject some distance beyond its inlet, and thereforedips to a considerable depth into water, thus preventing access of solidmatter to the pipe 19, the guard being provided with perforations g inits top, the object of which will be readily understood.

I do not desire to limit myself to the precise arrangement of theconnections between the boiler and regulator as shown and described, asthese may be modified according to the relative location of the boilerand the pump and according to otherconditions of use of the boiler; nordo I desire to limit myself to the construction of the valves V V V asvarious other forms of valves may be 'employed, or to the meansforconne'cting the piston-rod of the regulator with that of the pump, asany suitable connection other than that shown may be provided. b

I have described and illustrated my improved feed-water regulator in itsapplication to a steam-boiler; but it will be obvious that the regulatormay be applied to various other apparatus for controlling the "volume"of a fluid "supplied by a pump or pumping-engine.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to-secure byLetters Patent, is-- IIO 1. As 'an improvement in the art of controllingthe volume of a fluid supplied byapump to a receiver, which consists incontrolling the movements of the pump-piston through the medium of thefluid in the receiver by causing such fluid to antagonize the movementsof said pump-piston, as set forth.

2. As an improvement in the art of controlling the volume of a fluidsupplied by a pump to a receiver, which consists in controlling themovements of the pump-piston through the medium of the fluid in thereceiver by causing such fluid to antagonize the movements of thepump-piston and varying the action of the fluid upon said pistonaccording to the variations in the pressure of the fluid in thereceiver, as set forth.

As an improvementin the art of controlling the volume of a fluidsupplied by a pump to a receiver, which consists in controlling themovements of the pump-piston through the medium of the fluid in thereceiver by causing such fluid to antagonize the movements of thepump-piston and varying the action of the fluid upon said pistonaccording to the variations in the level of the fluid in the receiver,as set forth.

4:. A regulator for controlling the volume of a fluid supplied to areceiver by a pump, comprising a supply-pump, a regulating orcontrolling pump the suction and forcing ports whereof are incommunication with the receiver, and a connection between the pistons ofthe two pumps, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. A regulator for controlling the volume of a fluid supplied toareceiver by a pump, comprising a supply-pump, a receiver or vessel forthe fluid supplied by said pump, a regulating or controlling pump, aduet extending from the suction-port of said controllingpump into thereceiver to about the line of normal level, a duct extending from theexhaust-port of the controlling-pump into the receiver to a point abovethe line of normal level of the fluid therein, and a connection betweenthe pistons of both pumps, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

6. Aregulator for controlling the volume of a fluid supplied to areceiver by a pump, comprising a supply-pump, a receiver or vessel forthe fluid supplied by said pump, a regulating or controlling pump,a ductextending from the suction-port of the latter pump into the receiver toabout the line of normal level of the fluid therein, a valve openinginwardly for said suction-port, a connection between the suction andexhaust ends of the cylinder of said controlling-pump, an adjustablevalve in said connection, a duct extending from the exhaust-port of thecontrolling-pump into the receiver above the line of normal level of thefluid therein, and a connection between the pistons of both pumps,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. A regulator for controlling the volume of a fluid supplied to areceiverbya pump, comprising a supply-pump, a receiver or vessel for thefluid supplied by said pump, a regulating or controlling pump, a ductextending from the suction-port of the latter pump into the receiver toabout the line of normal level of the fluid therein, a valve for saidport opening inwardly,a duct in communication with the suction andexhaust ends of the controlling-pump cylinder and with the receiverthrough the suction-duct, a duct extending from the exhaust port of thecontrollingpump into the receiver above the line of normal level of thefluid therein, and a connection between the pistons of the two pumps,v

substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a regulator for controlling the volume of a fluid supplied to areceiver by a pump, the combination, with the supply-pump, the receiverfor the fluid supplied by said pump, and the controlling-pump cylinder0, of the suction-pipe :p, extending into said receiver, and a strainerfor the inlet end of said pipe, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

9. In a regulator for controlling the volume of a fluid supplied to areceiver by a pump, the combination, with the supply-pump, the receiverfor the fluid supplied by said pump, and the controlling-pump cylinder0, of the suction-pipe 19, extending into said receiver, and thebell-shaped guard G, provided in its end wall with perforations g,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

SERGIUS BESSONOFF.

Witnesses:

F. KAUPE, N. TSOHEXALOFFLL.

